Bone health and osteoporosis prevention
Factors that impact bone health and some practical for bone health and osteoporosis prevention
6 May 2024
JOHANNESBURG - Bones are the essential framework of the body, providing structural support, protecting vital organs, and storing vital minerals like calcium and phosphorus. Despite their crucial role, bone health often receives less attention than other aspects of well-being. Understanding that bones are composed of collagen for flexibility and minerals for strength and undergo a continual process of remodelling, regulated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, underscores the significance of maintaining their strength. As we age, bones naturally weaken, increasing susceptibility to fractures and osteoporosis. However, sustaining strong bones and mitigating these risks is possible with the proper knowledge and proactive measures.
In South Africa, where diverse dietary habits and lifestyle factors may impact bone health, promoting awareness and access to resources tailored to the local context becomes paramount. By prioritising proper nutrition, regular physical activity, and healthcare support, we can prevent conditions like osteoporosis and fractures, ultimately enhancing the quality of life.
Factors contributing to bone loss and osteoporosis
- Ageing: As we age, bone density naturally declines, increasing fragility and fracture susceptibility.
- Hormonal changes: Decreases in estrogen levels in women during menopause and testosterone levels in men can accelerate bone loss and increase the risk of osteoporosis.
- Nutritional deficiencies: Inadequate calcium, vitamin D, and other essential nutrients necessary for bone health can compromise bone strength and increase the risk of osteoporosis.
- Physical inactivity: Lack of weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, jogging, or strength training, can decrease bone density and strength.
- Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption: Smoking and excessive alcohol intake can interfere with the body's ability to absorb calcium and negatively impact bone health.
Practical tips for bone health and osteoporosis prevention
- Eat a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, which are essential for bone health. Good sources of calcium include dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods. One obtains vitamin D from sunlight exposure and fortified foods like fatty fish and dairy products. Consider supplementation if you cannot meet your calcium and vitamin D needs through diet alone. Consult with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate dosage.
- Engage in weight-bearing exercises such as walking, jogging, dancing, and strength training to promote bone density and strength. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week. Incorporate balance and flexibility exercises to reduce the risk of falls and fractures, particularly in older adults. Medshield may cover rehabilitation services such as physiotherapy or occupational therapy to aid in recovery and improve mobility following bone-related injuries or surgeries.
- Quit smoking, as it can accelerate bone loss and increase the risk of osteoporosis. Limit alcohol consumption to moderate levels, as excessive alcohol intake can impair bone formation and increase the risk of fractures.
- Consider bone density testing (DEXA scan) as your healthcare provider recommends, especially if you're at increased risk of osteoporosis due to age, hormonal changes, or other factors. Bone density testing can help assess your risk of fractures and guide preventive measures and treatment options. Medshield usually covers consultations with healthcare professionals such as orthopaedic specialists, rheumatologists, or general practitioners to diagnose and manage bone health conditions. Diagnostic tests such as X-rays, bone density scans (DEXA scans), and blood tests to assess bone health are also typically covered, depending on your chosen benefit option.
- Discuss potential strategies for minimising bone loss with your healthcare provider if you use prescribed medications that can affect bone health, such as corticosteroids or certain anticonvulsants. Depending on the specific bone health condition, Medshield may cover various treatment options, including calcium supplements, vitamin D supplements, and prescription medications for conditions like osteoporosis. Cover for surgical procedures, such as joint replacements or fracture repairs, may also be included in the scheme's benefits.
Medshield offers various preventive care services to enhance bone health and mitigate the risk of bone-related conditions, encompassing preventive screenings, health assessments, and access to tailored wellness programmes emphasising nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle modifications. Additionally, we provide comprehensive resources and support services to enlighten members about bone health concerns, treatment alternatives, and preventive strategies, including access to educational materials, online resources, and supportive communities.
It's crucial for members to carefully review their specific plan benefits, considering potential variations in cover based on their chosen plan and any supplemental options or riders. Moreover, covering particular services or treatments may necessitate pre-authorisation or utilisation management prerequisites, underscoring the importance of consulting plan documents or contacting Medshield directly for detailed insights into cover concerning bone health issues.
Maintaining strong bones and preventing osteoporosis is a lifelong endeavour that requires proactive measures and lifestyle modifications. By prioritising nutrition, regular exercise, and healthy lifestyle habits, individuals can support bone health and reduce the risk of fractures and debilitating conditions like osteoporosis. Remember, starting to prioritise bone health is never too early or late. You can build a solid foundation for lifelong bone strength and vitality with the proper knowledge and commitment to bone-friendly behaviours.
FIN
(820 words)
Medshield consumer article - Bone health and osteoporosis prevention.docx
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